Birth of the Nuclear model of the Atom.- Rutherford (Ernest) . "The

Birth of the Nuclear model of the Atom.- Rutherford (Ernest) "The Scattering of [Alpha] and [Beta] Particles by Matter and the Structure of the Atoms", in Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, sixth series, vol.21, pp.669-688, pp.679-680 detached, 1911; "Production of Helium by Radium" [and] "On the transformation and nomenclature of the radioactive emanations" in Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Sixth Series, vol. 22, pp. 586-604 & 621-629; Collision of [Alpha] Particles with Light Atoms", 4 parts, in Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Sixth Series, vol.37, pp. 537-587, library cloth-backed boards, spines sunned, some rubbing to extremities; and 2 vol. of Philosophical Magazine for the year 1912, 8vo (5) *** The first announcements of the discovery of the atomic nucleus and the splitting of the atom. "In 1911, as a result of bombarding goldfoil with alpha particles, Rutherford formulated the hypothesis of the nuclear construction of the atom which is the basis of all subsequent work in atomic physics and chemistry. Most of the alpha particles passed through the foil, but some bounced back. Rutherford interpreted the bouncing in terms of his theory. Those that went through were simply passing through the planetary systems of electrons, while those that bounced back had hit, or interacted with, a nucleus." (PMM) The second article mentioned establishes a direct link between radioactivity and atomic structure. Within the 2 volumes of Philosophical Magazine for the year 1912, there are additional articles on similar topics, such as H.G.J. Moseley and W. Makower's "[Gamma] Radiation from Radium B", Rutherford's "The Origin of [Beta] and [Gamma] Rays from Radioactive Substances".

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